Title:  Number of persons employed in manufacturing
Column Name:  manwkr
Span:  1820-1997
Units:  Persons
Format:  Integer

Manufacturing workers - 1820
Persons employed in manufacturing represents the total number of persons, including slaves, engaged in manufactures. The classification scheme used divided possible occupations into three industrial divisions of work: agriculture, commerce, and manufactures.

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Bureau of the Census. Fourth Decennial Census of the United States, 1820. Census for 1820. Washington D.C.: Gales and Seaton, 1821.


Manufacturing workers - 1840
Persons employed in manufacturing represents the total number of people, including slaves, engaged in the manufactures and trades. The classification scheme used divided possible occupations into several industrial divisions of work: agriculture; mining; commerce; manufactures and trades; navigation of the ocean; navigation of canals, lakes, and rivers; and learned professions and engineers.

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
-U.S. Bureau of the Census. Sixth Decennial Census of the United States, 1840. Compendium of the Enumeration of the Inhabitants & Statistics of the United States as Obtained at the Department of State, From the Returns of the Sixth Census by Counties and Principal Towns Exhibiting the Population, Wealth, and Resources of the Country... Washington D.C.: Thomas Allen, 1841.


Manufacturing workers - 1850, 1860, 1870
Persons employed in manufacturing represents the number of hands employed by manufacturing establishments. Salaried officials, if returned at all, were returned with wage earners proper.
 
Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
-U.S. Census Office. Twelfth Decennial Census of the United States, 1900. Volume VIII, Manufactures, Part I. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1902.
-U.S. Census Office. Eighth Decennial Census of the United States, 1860. Manufactures of the United States in 1860. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1865.
-U.S. Census Office. Twelfth Decennial Census of the United States, 1900. Volume VIII, Manufactures, Part I. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1902.


Manufacturing workers - 1890
Number of persons employed in manufacturing represents all production workers, skilled and unskilled, men, women, and children.

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Census Office. Eleventh Decennial Census of the United States, 1890. Volume VI, Report on Manufacturing Industries in the United States at the Eleventh Census, Part I. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1895.


Manufacturing workers - 1947
Employment data represent the annual average of all full-time and part-time persons on the payrolls of reporting establishments. Other persons, such as members of the Armed Forces and pensioners carried on the active rolls but not working, are excluded from the figures.

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1952 (A Statistical Abstract Supplement). Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1953.


Manufacturing workers - 1950
The total number of people in the civilian labor force employed in the manufacturing industry includes all civilians 14 years old or over. The industry data represented here are derived from a household enumeration, and may differ from data based on industry reports from establishments (e.g. the decennial census uses its own industrial classification system, and this enumeration represents an unduplicated count, with each person enumerated only once whether or not he or she worked at multiple establishments).

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1952 (A Statistical Abstract Supplement). Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1953.


Manufacturing workers - 1958
Number of employees is the average of full-time and part-time employees on the payroll of operating manufacturing establishments. Officers of corporations are included as employees; proprietors and partners of unincorporated firms are excluded. Employee figures were reported separately for “production and related workers” and for “all other employees.” Figures for the former were for mid-month employment in March, May, August, and November; for all other employees, figures were for mid-March employment. Thus, the number for all employees is an average of the four monthly figures for production workers and the March figure for all other employees.

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1962. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1962.


Manufacturing workers - 1960
The total number of people in the civilian labor force employed in the manufacturing industry includes all civilians 14 years old or over. The industry data represented here are derived from a household enumeration, and may differ from data based on industry reports from establishments (e.g. the decennial census uses its own industrial classification system, and this enumeration represents an unduplicated count, with each person enumerated only once whether or not he or she worked at multiple establishments).

Source (where directly obtained):
Haines, Michael R., and the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Historical, Demographic, Economic, and Social Data: The United States, 1790-2000, Database 2896. Hamilton, NY: Colgate University/Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [producers], 2004. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2005.
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu

Original Source:
U.S. Bureau of the Census. County and City Data Book, 1962. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1962.


Manufacturing workers - 1972
The number of production workers includes all production and related workers (up through the working foreman level) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing warehousing, shipping (but not delivering), maintenance, repair, janitorial, and watchman services; product development; auxiliary production for plants' own use ( e.g., power plant); recordkeeping; and other services closely associated with these production operations. Supervisory employees above the working foreman level are excluded.